DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO PIG FARMING AT RECEIVING AND REARING PIGLETS

Abstract

The aim of this article is to develop technological methods of pig breeding intensification, increase the productive ability of sows, increase the number of piglets per year and preserve the survival rate of piglets at all stages of growing. The combination of classical methods of selecting parent pairs and evaluating productive properties by BLUP method allowed not only to assess reproductive and pr o-ductive properties, but also to determine and remove unproductive sows from the herd, control and correct the reproductive ability of the herd and ensure effective “organism – environment” interac-tion. This approach enabled to increase the annual number of born piglets by 1,664 and weaned pig-lets by 1,464 without increasing the number of animals in the breeding herd, without changing the rhythm of the production cycle and the number of farrows. The increase in the percentage of animals with high reproductive properties in the herd provided 467 newborn piglets and 415 weaned piglets from 32 sows (one step of production cycle group), which make additional 32 and 28 heads relative to the number of piglets before correcting the herd productivity. It has been established that the farm has a well-established system of feeding, watering and caring for livestock, which ensures the realiza-tion of the genetic potential. Increasing the herd productivity is possible only by intensifying the use of sows, diligent replacement of low-productive animals and effective selection of parent pairs in or-der to obtain the maximum effect of heterosis (hybrid vigor). The use of F1 hybrid sows along with purebred animals as well as hydride boars provides the maximum effect of heterosis, high productivi-ty of livestock of all technological groups and high reproductive ability of sows at the level of 14.6 piglets per farrowing. Vertical graphical reflecting the displacement of technological groups enables to get visual information about conducting technological operations during each week (rhythm step), which greatly simplifies the control over the movement of livestock. When conducting the research on the development of technological approaches, it is necessary to take into account the rela tionship be-tween production indicators, as well as pay attention to the development of technological schemes that would maximize the automation of calculations by using modern computers.