THERMAL COMFORT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PIGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2019.02.13Keywords:
thermal, comfort, stress, microclimate, productivity, environment, thermal resistenceAbstract
A modern notion of the temperature factor significance for the well-being of pigs and measures aimed at
reducing the negative impact of the climate change and solving related problems are presented. The effect of
climate change on pigs’ productivity, the justification of adapting and preventing the possibility of
temperature stress were analyzed. The reaction of pig organism on violating thermal comfort was disclosed.
The unsatisfactory state of livestock premises’ microclimate negatively affects the viability of the animal
organism, heat overstrain is observed accompanied by deteriorating appetite and feed consumption, as well
as the resistance of animals to pathogens, parasites. The numerous factors of stress seriously affect manufacturing
livestock products, reproduction, immune status and production effectiveness in general. The
mechanisms of heat regulation in the animal organism at temperature stress and its negative influence on
pig productivity indices of different production groups were considered. The data as to the measures of pig
adaptation to environmental conditions in the premises, which can help to solve their adaptation in the
conditions of thermal stress and can be minimized by controlling the temperature in the premises,
ventilating, heating and cooling systems, spraying water were poresented. The main directions of the
strategy of pig heat resistance control connected with using of different breeding programs, new stress
biomarkers, innovative rearing technologies were outlined. A separate role was specified as to using more
saturated feed rations with a reduced level of crude protein and fiber in the diet, as well as adjusting the
supply of feed portions. The given information can be used in scientific researches, introduced into
production, educational process in training specialists in the field of technology of manufacturing livestock
farming products.