Characteristics of the course of acaroses in dogs caused by parasitism of acariform ticks

Abstract

Among the most common skin diseases in dogs are acaroses caused by acariform mites such as sarcoptosis, otodectosis and demodecosis. These are zoonotic diseases of dogs caused by ticks of the genus Sarcoptes, Otodectes and Demodex. The spectrum of clinical signs in these akaroses varies from itching and local skin lesions to intoxication and depression of the central nervous system. Animals can be carriers without clinical signs. The main transmission of causative agents of acaroses occurs more often during direct contact with sick animals. The purpose of the research was to establish the peculiarities of the course of sarcoptosis, otodectosis and demodecosis in dogs as part of mixtinvasions of the digestive tract. The conducted research established that on the territory of Poltava, the extensity of invasion of dogs by the causative agent of demodecosis is 18.6 %, sarcoptosis – 10.5 %, otodectosis – 24.4 %. It was found that in 53.5 % of patients with acaroses in dogs, their course took place in the form of mixtinvasions together with causative agents of nematodes and cestodoses of the digestive tract of dogs. 55.6 % of dogs were diagnosed with otodectosic monoinvasion, 33.3 % with sarcoptosic monoinvasion, and 11.1 % with demodecosic monoinvasion. In dogs infested with sarcoptes, otodectes, and demodexes, mixtinvasions took place in the form of two-component (67.9 % of mixtinvasions) and three-component (32.1 % of mixtinvasions) associations of parasites. A total of 11 types of mixtinvasions were identified, of which 6 types were two-component and 5 types were three-component. Co-members of demodexes, otodectes and sarcoptes were causative agents of trichurosis (50.0 % of mixtinvasions), uncinariosis (39.3 % of mixtinvasions), toxocarosis (39.3 % of mixtinvasions), and dipylidiosis (3.6 %). Otodecto-toxocarous (31.6 % of mixtinvasions), otodecto-trichurous (21.1 % of mixtinvasions) and demodecto-uncinarious (21.1 % of mixtinvasions) were most often detected among the two-component mixtinvasions. Demodecto-uncinaria-trichurous (33.4 %), demodecto-uncinaria-toxocarous (22.2 %) and demodecto-trichurous-toxocarous (22.2 %) were most often found among three-component mixtinvasions. The obtained data make it possible to take into account the peculiarities of the course of acaroses of dogs caused by acariform mites, as part of helminthiasis of the digestive tract of dogs in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment and preventive measures.