TESTING PROGRAMS FOR BALANCED WINTER WHEAT NUTRITION IN THE CONDITIONS OF UNSTABLE MOISTENING IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE TO STABILIZE GRAIN GROUP YIELDS IN THE EASTERN REGION

Abstract

The effect of biological preparations, which are the most adapted to the system of providing plants with the necessary nutrients against the background of choosing the best agrochemical anti-stress packages to stabilize the planned yields in the Steppe area has been considered in the article. It has been shown that according to the scheme of applying preparations in different phases of plant development, at the end of tillering phase, biometric analysis of plants from 1 m2 was carried out according to the experimental variants, in which the using of the studied preparations significantly affected plant height indicator. This indicator was the highest in the variant of Potassium humate ROST OK Universal (spraying in the phase of renewing growing period (spring)) + Potassium humate ROST OK Universal (spraying in the phase of stem elongation), which was 5.1 cm higher in comparison with the control. It has been determined that concerning the number of stems and tillering coefficient, a significant increase relative to the control variant was ensured by using the variant of Potassium humate ROST OK Universal (spraying in the phase of renewing growing period (spring)) + Potassium humate ROST OK Zinc chelate (spraying in the phase of stem elongation) + sulfur (spraying in the phase of stem elongation) + Potassium humate ROST OK Grain (spraying in the phase of milky ripeness). It has been proven that using ROST OK complex fertilizers during the growing season of winter wheat contributed to a significant improvement in the indicators of yield structure. Additional plant stimulation in tillering phase (autumn) favored the formation of additional productive shoots in comparison with the control. The application of Potassium humate ROST OK Universal preparation allowed increase the coefficient of productive tillering from 22.2 % to 55.6 %. The using of Potassium humate ROST OK boron in this phase increased the corresponding indicator from 27.8 % to 38.9 %. It has been proved that the most significant influence, in the conditions of the eastern part of the Northern Steppe, was ensured by complex using of the studied preparations at all stages of organogenesis. Additional nutrition by growth stimulating preparations in phases, which are responsible for the formation of one or another plant productivity indicator, contributes to strengthening physiological processes in the plant. It has been determined that the most significant grain increase was in the variants, in which the frequency of treatments was the highest, and supported the plants with additional nutrition, especially at the last stages of organogenesis. The yield in such variants increased from 1.1 /ha to 3.8 t/ha.