Productivity of chickpea yield capacity depending on the use of intensification elements and fertilizers under conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe

Abstract

We presented the research results on the effectiveness of applying plant protection products and mineral fertilizers in the technology of chickpea growing. It was revealed that the chickpea had a low productivity (1.28 t/ha) on sowings where plant protection products were not applied due to significant growth of weeds and infections of chickpea plants. It was discovered that the chickpea’s productivity grew up to 2.30 t/ha, or by 1.02 t/ha, when the soil herbicide «Reiser» (flurochloridone, 250 g/l) was used in a concentration of 2.5 l/ha. Using of the insecticide «Fastak» (alpha-cypermethrin, 100 g/l) in a concentration of 0.15 l/ha had no effect on productivity.

In case of the three-step application scheme of fungicides such as «Rex Duo» (epoxiconazole, 187 g/l + thiophanate-methyl, 310 g/l) in a concentration of 0.5 l/ha at the early phase of budding, «Abacus» (pyraclostrobin, 62.5 g/l + epoxiconazole, 62.5 g/l) in a concentration of 1.5 l/ha during flowering, and «Folikur» (tebuconazole, 250 g/l) in a concentration of 1.0 l/ha during seed filling, the productivity increased by 0.90 t/ha compared to the variant where fungicides were not applied. In total, due to the use of plant protection products in the experiment, the productivity increased from 1.28 t/ha to 3.21 t/ha, i.e. by 1.93 t/ha (150.8 %).

Applying phosphorous and potassium fertilizers practically had no impact on field similarity and density of plants at the stage of seedling. When P₄₀K₆₀ + «Intermag legumes» + MgSO₄ were used, the density of plants increased before harvesting to 7 plants per m² compared to the variant without fertilizers. The productivity of the chickpea cultivar «Pamiat’» on the variant without applying fertilizers was 2.42 t/ha. When increasing the norms of phosphorous and potassium fertilizers, the productivity rose by 0.18–0.67 t/ha, or 7.4–27.7 %. Because of optimization of the system of use of fertilizers, the productivity increased from 2.42 t/ha on the variant without fertilizers to 3.09 t/ha on the variant where P₄₀K₆₀ + «Intermag legumes» + MgSO₄ was used, i.e. increased by 0.67 t/ha.