SCIENTIFIC SUBSTANTIATION OF REGULATING EUTROPHICATION PROCESSES OF WATER OBJECTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VORSKLA RIVER)

Abstract

The article deals with investigating eutrophication process of water eco-systems. It has been mentioned
that at present the development of theoretical foundations and search of practical measures in fighting mass
development of cyanic bacteria in top layer water reservoirs are being actively conducted. At the same time,
using bacteria for purification of surface water objects is insufficiently researched at present, so the need for
studying eutrophication processes of water objects while using different methods of biological purification,
arises. Thus, the purpose of the work was investigating chemical and biological methods of water objects’
restoration by decreasing the amount of cyanic bacteria in them. Based on the conducted research, scientific
recommendations have been proposed as to fighting surface water reservoirs’ blooming. The investigation
methods included conducting analytical, natural, laboratory studies, as well as calculation part. To
investigate eutrophication process of water in the Vorskla river, samples were taken 0.2-0.5 m deep from the
water reservoir top layer (in different districts of the city of Poltava and its outskirts). During the first stage
of investigation, chemical methods of fighting water blooming were studied. The best result was achieved at
applying potassium permanganate (0.2*106 cl/l), molybdenum liquid (0.3*106), magnesia mixture (0.4*106),
chlorine (0.5*106), and ferrum chelate (0.6*106). During the second research stage, studying probiotics
influence in fighting water blooming as to toxic effect to cyanic bacteria was conducted. It has been
established that using biological methods of water objects’ purification from cyanic bacteria are more
effective in comparison with chemical methods. In particular, applying Sviteko-Agrobiotic-01 probiotic is
94% effective in eliminating cyanic bacteria. The same result was obtained while using potassium
permanganate (0.2*106). However, the negative effect of the mentioned above chemical method is that it
results in secondary water reservoir pollution. The effectiveness of other chemical methods in fighting water
blooming was also determined: molybdenum liquid (91 % effectiveness), magnesia mixture (88 %), chlorine
(85 %), and ferrum chelate (82 %). Somewhat worse results were achieved at applying argentum nitrate
(70 %) and barium chloride (41 %). The largest amount of blue-green algae remained active at using
aluminum sulfate in combination with copper sulfate (26 % effectiveness). The conducted studies are basis
for working out complex systems of water eco-systems’ purification from cyanic bacteria using
environmentally safe methods, which are one of the priority development of urbanized territories and
sustainable development of the society.