Prerequisites of the engineering of bionic technical tools for soil processing

Abstract

The development of soil moisture storage and retention systems is hampered by high energy consumption, low economic efficiency and significant moisture losses, as well as other disadvantages associated with the use of tillage equipment. The purpose of the research is to analyze the existing bionic tillage working bodies and the processes of their interaction with the soil, which will make it possible to develop methods for designing bionic technical means of tillage. The given analysis of the morphological properties of soil and water fauna emphasizes the relevance of using the shape of their body and the surface of the cover in the design of working bodies of technical means of soil cultivation. The use of such bionic working bodies makes it possible to reduce the adhesion of the soil and its resistance to the flow around the working body, while ensuring effective cutting of the soil environment. The analysis of research on bionic tillage working bodies showed a wide range of application of morphological properties of soil and water fauna for various types of technical means of tillage. However, the presented studies lack a generalised methodology that would take into account modern modelling methods based on CAD/CAE systems, the use of advanced engineering software to analyse the results of experimental studies, and bionic design principles. Therefore, based on our own experience of numerical modeling, analysis of animal locomotion and morphology, and processing of the results of experimental studies, the method of designing tillage tools, which is called "Engineering of bionic technical means of tillage", was added. The presented method of designing tillage tools contains 5 blocks: technological requirements, bionic design principles, numerical modeling, experimental studies, production tests. Further research will be aimed at determining the specific laws and relationships of the morphology and locomotion of animals of soil and water fauna from the design of working bodies of technical means of soil cultivation and their interaction with the soil environment.