Peculiarities of morphological indicators of blood in quails

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the study of the works of domestic and foreign authors who studied morphological indicators in the blood of quails. These indicators are key indicators of the physiological state of quails and their ability to adapt to industrial conditions of maintenance. Quail erythrocytes have an oval shape. These cells have a nucleus that promotes efficient oxygen transport even under conditions of intensive metabolism. The nucleus in erythrocytes is also necessary for increased resistance of cells to oxygen loads. The average diameter of quail erythrocytes was approximately 10–12 μm. The average number of erythrocytes in the blood of quails was 2.0–3.2 × 10⁶/μl. The authors believe that this amount of erythrocytes in the blood is an adaptation mechanism that allows quails to tolerate short-term stress loads. Quantitative and morphological characteristics of erythrocytes in quails are an important adaptation mechanism for maintaining vital activity in different conditions of keeping. Thanks to the nucleus, quail erythrocytes are able to maintain structural integrity in conditions of intensive metabolism, which is important when environmental conditions change. The concentration of hemoglobin in quail blood erythrocytes was 8.0–9.5 g/l. The total number of leukocytes in the blood of quails was 20–30 × 10³/μl. Leukocytes demonstrate a developed immune response, which is important for protecting the body from pathogens in conditions of increased planting density. Platelets ensure blood clotting, which is necessary to reduce the risk of bleeding. The average number of platelets in the blood of quails was 200–300 × 10³/μl. The study of the literature showed that the morphological parameters of blood are an informative indicator of the physiological adaptation of quails to changes in the external environment. At the same time, it should be noted that the morphological indicators of quail blood have not been studied sufficiently and data on this issue are extremely limited.