Results of experimental research on the distribution of a falling grain from a toro-shaped plate on a flat surface

Abstract

It is known that silos are loaded with grain material by gravity, a compact jet. Such loading leads to the grain
hitting the concrete bottom and the side surface of the silo is injured and unevenly compacted. Uneven compaction
occurs due to the stratification of grain material by size and mass. Gravitational loading of grain material in this way
leads to the formation of segregation in the middle of the silo structure. Various damping devices are used to
eliminate these shortcomings. At the Department of Technology and Equipment of Processing and Food Production
of the Poltava State Agrarian University, a laboratory setup was developed, with the help of which research was
conducted on the distribution of winter wheat grain falling from a fixed height onto a torus-shaped plate, and from
it onto the concrete bottom of the installation. As a result of the research, it was established that the best distribution
of grain along the bottom of a cylindrical container occurs when using a torus-shaped plate with an angle of
inclination of the source to the horizon of 12, but at the same time, the height of dumping must exceed 1.5 m. When
dumping winter wheat grain using a plate with an angle of inclination of the source to the 15o and 18o horizon, a
uniform grain distribution is observed on the annular planes S1, S2 and S3. Such studies enable producers to
correctly install braking devices that reduce grain injury and segregation.