Promising technologies of grain storage during emergency situations

Abstract

The analysis of the main technologies of grain storage was made in the article and their effectiveness
considering the hostilities on the territory of Ukraine was determined. The current situation concerning
granaries’ availability in Ukraine and their potential possibilities as to keeping grain of the new harvest were
given. The necessity of developing innovative and effective technologies for grain products’ preservation
because of the lack of granaries as well as attracting farmers to their use was mentioned. The main conditions
for ensuring grain preservation in the optimal state on elevators were determined. The components of grain
mass and factors of influence on it in order to determine the necessary storage conditions were characterized.
The main grain keeping conditions (dry state, cooling, air-tightness) aimed at providing the integrity and
quality of its reserves to use for any economic needs or selling during the following off-season were considered.
The methods of grain keeping were given taking into account its further use – for processing or as seed
material. The terms of grain storage depending on its condition and purpose were determined. The advantages
and disadvantages of keeping technologies in stationary granaries considering the hostilities in Ukraine were
analyzed: above-ground storage, concrete silo, metallic silo. It has been confirmed that at present the use of
polymeric grain sleeves is one of the directions for making cheaper and substituting stationary granaries
ruined during the hostilities. The characteristics of dry grain preservation technology in polymeric sleeves, its
advantages and disadvantages under the present conditions were given. It has been mentioned that at the
present stage such technology can be considered as the transitional one for the period of reconstruction and
construction of stationary granary facilities.