ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ОРГАНІЧНОЇ ПШЕНИЦІ В УМОВАХ НЕДОСТАТНЬОГО ЗВОЛОЖЕННЯ СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

In many researches, it is pointed out that organic enterprises are less economically efficient in comparison with traditional ones, 4 %, on the average. However, the former have the prospects to become
by 21–27 % more profitable, but this depends on many factors, in particular, on empirical character,
environmental variables and economic policy in the field of subsidies, the presence of economic mechanisms
of functioning, which differ considerably in various countries. There is a constant need in overall assessment
of production processes and risks as to the environment, production stability, means of production (first of
all, soils), economic factors and prospects. The purpose of the study became the substantiation of economic
aspects for introducing agro-technologies of winter wheat cultivation under the conditions of insufficient
moistening. During the years of research, the prices on winter wheat grain tended to increase, which was the
result of demand on the Ukrainian and foreign market. The analysis of economic indicators of organic
winter wheat cultivation has shown that its average yield can be by 7–15 % lower than the average
indicators in the region. However, owing to higher prices on grain, the cultivation of organic wheat has
higher profitability by 43 % and higher net profit by 1,244 UAH/ha. Attention should be paid to correlation
relations between the yield and economic indicators. In traditional technologies, the yield correlates only
with the cost (r = –0.92), at the same time when there appear correlations with the net profit and the level of
profitability in organic technologies (r = 0.77–0.80), the relation between the yield and the cost becomes
almost functional (r = –0.97). In its turn, this is connected with the factors of applying mineral fertilizers and
plant protection means – the correlation ratio between the cost of fertilizers and production expenses makes
0.81. There is also considerable direct correlation with expenses on fuel and lubrication materials. Thus, the
use of correlation analysis between the value of yield and economic indicators gives sufficient additional
information for determining regularities between them.